{"id":11990,"date":"2025-06-16T08:46:36","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T08:46:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=11990"},"modified":"2025-06-21T09:44:25","modified_gmt":"2025-06-21T09:44:25","slug":"gantry-crane-accident","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/posts\/gantry-crane-accident\/","title":{"rendered":"Smrteln\u00e1 nehoda port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu: Vykolejen\u00ed zp\u016fsobeno malou uvoln\u011bnou kolejnicovou svorkou"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><p>Obsah<\/p><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#what-gantry-crane-accident-happened\">Jak\u00e1 se stala nehoda s port\u00e1lov\u00fdm je\u0159\u00e1bem<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#gantry-crane-accident-derailment-analysis\">Anal\u00fdza vykolejen\u00ed nehod port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#analysis-cause-of-the-gantry-crane-accident\">Anal\u00fdza p\u0159\u00ed\u010din nehody port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#gantry-crane-accident-preventive-measures\">Preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed pro nehody s port\u00e1lov\u00fdm je\u0159\u00e1bem<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#raise-the-awareness-of-equipment-managers-and-operators\">Zvy\u0161ovat pov\u011bdom\u00ed spr\u00e1vc\u016f za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a oper\u00e1tor\u016f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#design-the-use-of-the-crane-well\">Navrhn\u011bte pou\u017eit\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu dob\u0159e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#ensure-the-reliability-of-the-wind-resistant-and-anti-skid-device-of-the-gantry-crane\">Zajist\u011bte spolehlivost v\u011btruodoln\u00e9ho a protiskluzov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#pay-attention-to-the-inspection-work-after-strong-gusts-of-wind\">V\u011bnujte pozornost kontroln\u00edm prac\u00edm po siln\u00fdch poryvech v\u011btru.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#conclusion\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/gantry-crane-accident.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12004\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Port\u00e1lov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by v komun\u00e1ln\u00edch projektech jsou siln\u011b ovlivn\u011bny v\u011btrem a \u010das od \u010dasu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vykolejen\u00ed a p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu zp\u016fsoben\u00e9mu v\u011btrem. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek analyzuje p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny nehod port\u00e1lov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch typickou silou v\u011btru, shrnuje n\u011bkter\u00e9 nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed a jevy p\u0159i nez\u00e1konn\u00e9m provozu je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 u oper\u00e1tor\u016f p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011btru odoln\u00fdch a protiskluzov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed port\u00e1lov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f, a navrhuje odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed pro va\u0161i informaci a diskusi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-gantry-crane-accident-happened\">Jak\u00e1 se stala nehoda s port\u00e1lov\u00fdm je\u0159\u00e1bem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Port\u00e1lov\u00fd je\u0159\u00e1b (model MHE10+10t-31m A3, rozp\u011bt\u00ed 31 m, v\u00fd\u0161ka 9 m, hmotnost za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed 33 t) byl obvykle postaven na staveni\u0161ti projektu metra. B\u011bhem prac\u00ed kolem 20:00 obdr\u017eela osoba odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za bezpe\u010dnost projektu \u017elut\u00e9 varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed siln\u00fdm v\u011btrem (n\u00e1razy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 14 km\/h), proto upozornila staveni\u0161t\u011b na zastaven\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho provozu, za\u0159\u00eddila, aby \u0159idi\u010d port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu pou\u017eil kolejnicovou svorku k jeho zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, a ve\u0161ker\u00fd person\u00e1l byl evakuov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v 10 hodin dne 21. byl okam\u017eit\u00fd v\u00edtr velmi siln\u00fd a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pracovn\u00edk projektu okam\u017eit\u011b za\u0159\u00eddil prohl\u00eddku staveni\u0161t\u011b, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo nehod\u00e1m. B\u011bhem prohl\u00eddky bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci zjistili nehodu port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu \u2013 je\u0159\u00e1b byl v\u00fdrazn\u011b naklon\u011bn\u00fd, jedna strana v\u00fdlo\u017en\u00edku byla mimo koleje (obr\u00e1zek 1) a jedna strana koleje byla p\u0159etr\u017een\u00e1 (obr\u00e1zek 2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci okam\u017eit\u011b informovali osobu odpov\u011bdnou za projekt a pot\u00e9 zajistili do\u010dasnou fixaci port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo dal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm nehody s port\u00e1lov\u00fdm je\u0159\u00e1bem. Po zru\u0161en\u00ed \u017elut\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed siln\u00fdm v\u011btrem byla p\u0159ijata nouzov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed k odstran\u011bn\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho stavu zp\u016fsoben\u00e9ho nehodou port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tato nehoda port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu zd\u016fraz\u0148uje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitost dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed protokol\u016f varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed v\u011btrem a \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 techniky v prost\u0159ed\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00fdch staveb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"896\" height=\"641\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Figure-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11992\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"gantry-crane-accident-derailment-analysis\">Anal\u00fdza vykolejen\u00ed nehod port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee nehoda nezp\u016fsobila \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ob\u011bti ani v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty, u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 jednotka, aby se vyhnula dal\u0161\u00ed eskalaci, zru\u0161ila nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd stav port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu bez zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b, co\u017e mohlo v\u00e9st k jeho selh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 informace z m\u00edsta nehody port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu jsou ne\u00fapln\u00e9 nebo po\u0161kozen\u00e9. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edsta nehody a prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed poskytnut\u00e1 person\u00e1lem na m\u00edst\u011b po incidentu jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Kola na severn\u00ed a z\u00e1padn\u00ed stran\u011b je\u0159\u00e1bu vykolejila, kola na ji\u017en\u00ed stran\u011b je\u0159\u00e1bu nevykolejila.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti je\u0159\u00e1bu je ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed polovin\u011b p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e9 koleje z\u0159ejm\u00e9 ohyb (d\u00e1le jen p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e1 kolej na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed stran\u011b). M\u00edsto ohybu je od m\u00edsta p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed vzd\u00e1leno 7,6 m a na lev\u00e9 stran\u011b horn\u00edho povrchu p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e9 koleje na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed stran\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e je\u0159\u00e1b je na stejn\u00e9m nat\u0159en\u00e9m povrchu, jsou z\u0159eteln\u00e9 stopy t\u0159en\u00ed (obr\u00e1zek 3).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"583\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Figure-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11993\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Svorky kolejnicov\u00e9 svorky na severn\u00ed stran\u011b jsou v\u0161echny ve stavu odsazen\u00e9 deformace, jak je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bno na obr\u00e1zku 4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"583\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Figure4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11999\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Na ji\u017en\u00ed stran\u011b je patrn\u00e9 vych\u00fdlen\u00ed a zlomen\u00ed koleje. Situace je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bna na obr\u00e1zc\u00edch 5 a 6.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"597\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/figure5.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11995\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Na koleji na severn\u00ed stran\u011b je\u0159\u00e1bu jsou z\u0159eteln\u00e9 stopy po t\u0159en\u00ed o d\u00e9lce asi 15 m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u016fzkum na m\u00edst\u011b zjistil, \u017ee na okraji povrchu kolejnice v m\u00edst\u011b zlomu ji\u017en\u00ed koleje je\u0159\u00e1bu se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed stopy po t\u0159en\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Byla analyzov\u00e1na zkou\u0161ka ru\u010dn\u00edho up\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed kolejnice pomoc\u00ed up\u00ednac\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kolejnice na ji\u017en\u00ed stran\u011b a byl zji\u0161t\u011bn z\u00e1v\u011br, \u017ee up\u00ednac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kolejnice dok\u00e1\u017ee kolej pevn\u011b zaaretovat. B\u011bhem zkou\u0161ky se up\u00ednac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kolejnice mohlo voln\u011b pohybovat a nebylo zji\u0161t\u011bno \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zasek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v provozu. Zkou\u0161kou m\u016f\u017eete proj\u00edt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u011b se zjist\u00ed, \u017ee kolejnicov\u00e1 svorka spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky pro pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"analysis-cause-of-the-gantry-crane-accident\">Anal\u00fdza p\u0159\u00ed\u010din nehody port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159ed incidentem byl je\u0159\u00e1b mimo provoz. Severn\u00ed kolejnicov\u00e1 svorka byla spu\u0161t\u011bna, ale nebyla zaji\u0161t\u011bna (provozn\u00ed chyba, bez proveden\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed kontroly), zat\u00edmco ji\u017en\u00ed kolejnicov\u00e1 svorka nebyla spu\u0161t\u011bna v\u016fbec. V d\u016fsledku siln\u00e9ho okam\u017eit\u00e9ho v\u011btru se je\u0159\u00e1b za\u010dal pod zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm v\u011btrem pohybovat od z\u00e1padu na v\u00fdchod, co\u017e zna\u010d\u00ed \u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj nehody port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak se je\u0159\u00e1b pohyboval sm\u011brem na v\u00fdchod, severn\u00ed kolejnicov\u00e1 svorka a kolej se zasekly, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee se ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st je\u0159\u00e1bu pohybovala rychleji ne\u017e severn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st. Tento rozd\u00edl rychlost\u00ed vedl k ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu b\u011bhem pohybu sm\u011brem na v\u00fdchod. T\u0159en\u00ed mezi severn\u00ed kolejnicovou svorkou a kolejnic\u00ed se zv\u00fd\u0161ilo, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee se severn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st je\u0159\u00e1bu zastavila. Tato mechanick\u00e1 nerovnov\u00e1ha d\u00e1le zhor\u0161ila nehodu port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u011btrem a setrva\u010dnost je\u0159\u00e1bu zp\u016fsobily, \u017ee se ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st d\u00e1le pohybovala sm\u011brem na v\u00fdchod, co\u017e zvy\u0161ovalo celkovou rotaci. Rotace vedla k tomu, \u017ee se v\u00fdchodn\u00ed strana ji\u017en\u00ed nohy je\u0159\u00e1bu posunula dovnit\u0159 sm\u011brem ke koleji a z\u00e1padn\u00ed strana se posunula ven. Toto posunut\u00ed ohnulo kolej a pod kombinovan\u00fdm tlakem obou sad kol se kolej nakonec zlomila, co\u017e zintenzivnilo nehodu port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b nehody bylo potvrzeno, \u017ee se je\u0159\u00e1b v d\u016fsledku v\u011btru pohyboval ze z\u00e1padu na v\u00fdchod. B\u011bhem pohybu se severn\u00ed kolejnicov\u00e1 svorka t\u0159ela o kolej a vytv\u00e1\u0159ela odpor na vzd\u00e1lenost nejm\u00e9n\u011b 15 metr\u016f. Ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st se pohybovala rychleji, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu \u2013 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd bod mechanick\u00e9ho selh\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i nehod\u011b port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak se je\u0159\u00e1b ot\u00e1\u010del, ot\u00e1\u010dela se s n\u00edm i severn\u00ed kolejnicov\u00e1 svorka, co\u017e zvy\u0161ovalo t\u0159en\u00ed a odpor p\u0159i zasek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, dokud se pohyb je\u0159\u00e1bu sm\u011brem na v\u00fdchod n\u00e1hle nezastavil. V tomto okam\u017eiku se kluzn\u00e9 t\u0159en\u00ed zm\u011bnilo ve statick\u00e9 t\u0159en\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u011b ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st, poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 v\u011btrem a setrva\u010dnost\u00ed, pokra\u010dovala sm\u011brem na v\u00fdchod. Tato rotace a diferenci\u00e1ln\u00ed pohyb zp\u016fsobily, \u017ee zadn\u00ed kolo vytvo\u0159ilo ohybov\u00fd moment na zlomen\u00e9 kolejnici, co\u017e vedlo k vykolejen\u00ed \u2013 co\u017e nakonec vyvrcholilo v\u00e1\u017enou nehodou port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu (obr\u00e1zek 7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"626\" height=\"547\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/figure7.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11996\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Po odborn\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtech in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f jsme zjistili, \u017ee celkov\u00fd odpor v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00e1 s\u00edla je\u0159\u00e1bu v klidov\u00e9m stavu je 1,23kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u011btrem v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b siln\u00e9ho v\u011btru kategorie 9. Celkov\u011b je je\u0159\u00e1b bezpe\u010dn\u00fd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Av\u0161ak s ohledem na to, \u017ee odpor v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00e1 s\u00edla nepou\u017eit\u00fdch up\u00ednac\u00edch nohou kolejnice je men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1\/2 vysok\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u011btrem na \u00farovni 9, bude tato noha posunuta (jednostrann\u00e1 s\u00edla generovan\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm v\u011btrem 38 394,6 N je mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e odpor v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00e1 s\u00edla 1980 N), co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed podm\u00ednky: nepou\u017eit\u00e9 up\u00ednac\u00ed nohy kolejnice do\u010dasn\u011b uvol\u0148uj\u00ed t\u0159ec\u00ed odpor je\u0159\u00e1bu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se bere v \u00favahu, \u017ee pohyb jedn\u00e9 nohy zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee je\u0159\u00e1b vytvo\u0159\u00ed zna\u010dnou elastickou deformaci spojenou s jeho vlastn\u00edmi vibracemi v\u011btru, co\u017e povede k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kluzn\u00e9 s\u00edly. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto okam\u017eiku se je\u0159\u00e1b posouv\u00e1 (s\u00edla generovan\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm v\u011btrem je 76 789,2 N, co\u017e je o n\u011bco v\u00edce ne\u017e odpor v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00e1 s\u00edla 75 000 N), co\u017e sni\u017euje t\u0159ec\u00ed odpor je\u0159\u00e1bu z maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho statick\u00e9ho t\u0159en\u00ed na kluzn\u00e9 t\u0159en\u00ed a celkov\u00fd odpor v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00e1 s\u00edla se d\u00e1le sni\u017euj\u00ed, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee se je\u0159\u00e1b pohybuje s v\u011btrem a provozn\u00ed rychlost se zrychluje. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9ho t\u0159en\u00ed mezi v\u00fdlo\u017en\u00edky na obou stran\u00e1ch se je\u0159\u00e1b nakonec jako celek naklon\u00ed, dokud nevykolej\u00ed nebo nezlom\u00ed kolejnici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"gantry-crane-accident-preventive-measures\">Preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed pro nehody s port\u00e1lov\u00fdm je\u0159\u00e1bem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"raise-the-awareness-of-equipment-managers-and-operators\"><strong>Zvy\u0161ovat pov\u011bdom\u00ed spr\u00e1vc\u016f za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a oper\u00e1tor\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u011bhem kontroln\u00edch, inspek\u010dn\u00edch a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch kontrol se mnohokr\u00e1t zjistilo, \u017ee port\u00e1lov\u00fd je\u0159\u00e1b neup\u00ednal v\u0161echny kle\u0161t\u011b na kolejnice v souladu s p\u0159edpisy. Mnoho mana\u017eer\u016f se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 upnout pouze jednostrann\u00e9 kle\u0161t\u011b na kolejnice, ale zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu v\u011btrem p\u0159i nehod\u011b dos\u00e1hlo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 trojn\u00e1sobku hmotnosti je\u0159\u00e1bu za v\u011btrn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek 9 stup\u0148\u016f, co\u017e je pro mnoho mana\u017eer\u016f a oper\u00e1tor\u016f nep\u0159edstaviteln\u00e9. Prove\u010fte dobrou pr\u00e1ci v oblasti \u0161kolen\u00ed mana\u017eer\u016f a oper\u00e1tor\u016f, aby pochopili anal\u00fdzu p\u0159\u00ed\u010din n\u011bkter\u00fdch nehod, zlep\u0161ili pov\u011bdom\u00ed person\u00e1lu a rozpoznali d\u016fle\u017eitost odolnosti je\u0159\u00e1bu v\u016f\u010di v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00e9 \u00fapravy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"design-the-use-of-the-crane-well\"><strong>Navrhn\u011bte pou\u017eit\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu dob\u0159e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dv\u011b nohy port\u00e1lov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f v mnoha m\u011bstsk\u00fdch projektech se rozprost\u00edraj\u00ed p\u0159es dlouh\u00e9 a hlubok\u00e9 z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 j\u00e1my a obsluha nen\u00ed snadno dostupn\u00e1 nebo nem\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout na protilehl\u00e9 nohy. Z n\u00e1vrhu je\u0159\u00e1bu se nezohled\u0148uje, jak jeden pracovn\u00edk up\u00edn\u00e1 v\u0161echny kle\u0161t\u011b na kolejnice. Situace. P\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 nastavit polohu zastaven\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu v pr\u016fchodn\u00e9 z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 j\u00e1m\u011b; pr\u016fchod \u0159idi\u010de je\u0159\u00e1bu stejn\u00e9 koleje m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bn na obou stran\u00e1ch z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 j\u00e1my a pouze \u0159idi\u010d m\u016f\u017ee ovl\u00e1dat v\u00edce v\u011btru odoln\u00fdch a protiskluzov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu v z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 j\u00e1m\u011b na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b; pr\u016fchod \u0159idi\u010de je\u0159\u00e1bu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bn na opa\u010dn\u00e9 stran\u011b hlavn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu a signaliz\u00e1tor a \u0159idi\u010d obsluhuj\u00ed v\u011btru odoln\u00e1 a protiskluzov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch stroj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ensure-the-reliability-of-the-wind-resistant-and-anti-skid-device-of-the-gantry-crane\"><strong>Zajist\u011bte spolehlivost v\u011btruodoln\u00e9ho a protiskluzov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Funkce odolnosti proti v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00e9 ochrany nemodifikovan\u00fdch port\u00e1lov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f \u010dasto p\u0159edstavuje situace, kdy skute\u010dn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek nedosahuje projektovan\u00e9 hodnoty. Nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1vod k obsluze port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu obecn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdrobn\u00ed hodnota konstruk\u010dn\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f je \u00b110% projektovan\u00e9 hodnoty. Aby se u\u0161et\u0159ily n\u00e1klady, v\u00fdrobci se v podstat\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00ed k doln\u00ed hranici, co\u017e vede ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed celkov\u00e9 odolnosti port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu proti v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00e9 ochrany.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Up\u00ednac\u00ed brzdn\u00e1 s\u00edla kle\u0161t\u00ed na up\u00ednac\u00ed li\u0161ty nem\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnoty uveden\u00e9 v manu\u00e1lu. Jednak je to, \u017ee obsluha nemus\u00ed tento po\u017eadavek spl\u0148ovat, a jednak je to, \u017ee povrch kle\u0161t\u00ed na up\u00ednac\u00ed li\u0161ty je vroubkovan\u00fd a opot\u0159ebovan\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Vzhledem k prom\u011bnliv\u00e9mu po\u010das\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00edtr p\u0159ekro\u010dit p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f. P\u0159i kontroln\u00edch, testovac\u00edch a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch kontrol\u00e1ch bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee port\u00e1lov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by byly modernizov\u00e1ny s ohledem na v\u011btruvzdornost a protiskluzovou ochranu, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011btrn\u00fdch lan (vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed prvky \u0159et\u011bzu atd.), p\u016fvodn\u00edch \u017eelezn\u00fdch bot odoln\u00fdch proti v\u011btru a protiskluzov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm kle\u0161t\u00ed na kolejnice atd., co\u017e \u010dasto umo\u017e\u0148uje dos\u00e1hnout dobr\u00fdch v\u011btruvzdorn\u00fdch a protiskluzov\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pay-attention-to-the-inspection-work-after-strong-gusts-of-wind\"><strong>V\u011bnujte pozornost kontroln\u00edm prac\u00edm po siln\u00fdch poryvech v\u011btru.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V t\u00e9to nehod\u011b osoba odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za bezpe\u010dnost projektu okam\u017eit\u011b po siln\u00e9m poryvu v\u011btru za\u0159\u00eddila inspekci staveni\u0161t\u011b person\u00e1lem, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo nehod\u00e1m a zabr\u00e1nilo se dal\u0161\u00edmu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed situace. Pokud po vykolejen\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu p\u0159i nehod\u011b nebudou provedena do\u010dasn\u00e1 zpev\u0148ovac\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, je vysoce pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee je\u0159\u00e1b po dal\u0161\u00edm siln\u00e9m poryvu v\u011btru ve stejn\u00fd den spadne do z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 j\u00e1my, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed podp\u011br v z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 j\u00e1m\u011b a je\u0159\u00e1bu. Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee inspekce po siln\u00e9m poryvu v\u011btru m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch nehod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Prevence nehod je d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00edho dohledu nad bezpe\u010dnou v\u00fdrobou. Zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho pov\u011bdom\u00ed, rozvoj dobr\u00fdch provozn\u00edch n\u00e1vyk\u016f a zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi z\u00e1rukami pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti port\u00e1lov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f a prevenci nehod. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v komun\u00e1ln\u00edm in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed, m\u011bli by b\u00fdt port\u00e1lov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by, spr\u00e1vci za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a oper\u00e1to\u0159i technicky l\u00e9pe informov\u00e1ni, l\u00e9pe si uv\u011bdomovali rizika a byli schopni je obsluhovat. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by u\u017eivatel\u00e9 m\u011bli pos\u00edlit \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, pos\u00edlit vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0161kolen\u00ed, prov\u00e1d\u011bt pravideln\u00e9 kontroly za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v\u010das zastavit a napravit poru\u0161en\u00ed ze strany oper\u00e1tor\u016f, aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna bezpe\u010dnost stavby.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Port\u00e1lov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by v komun\u00e1ln\u00edch projektech jsou siln\u011b ovlivn\u011bny v\u011btrem a \u010das od \u010dasu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vykolejen\u00ed a p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu zp\u016fsoben\u00e9mu v\u011btrem. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek analyzuje p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu nehody port\u00e1lov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 typickou silou v\u011btru a shrnuje n\u011bkter\u00e9 nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed a jevy spojen\u00e9 s neleg\u00e1ln\u00edm provozem je\u0159\u00e1bu, kter\u00e9 jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 u oper\u00e1tor\u016f b\u011bhem [\u2026]","protected":false},"featured_media":12004,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"single-SEO-Table.php","posts_category":[197],"posts_tag":[490,488,489],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/11990"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/11990\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12122,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/11990\/revisions\/12122"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11990"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=11990"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=11990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}