{"id":16345,"date":"2026-10-13T05:51:58","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T05:51:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=16345"},"modified":"2026-10-13T05:52:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T05:52:02","slug":"types-of-port-cranes","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/posts\/types-of-port-cranes\/","title":{"rendered":"Utforska hamnkranar: 8 vanliga typer och deras anv\u00e4ndningsomr\u00e5den"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><p>Inneh\u00e5llsf\u00f6rteckning<\/p><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#1-gantry-crane\">1. Gantry Crane<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-portal-crane\">2. Portal Crane<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-fixed-port-crane\">3. Fixed Port Crane<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-bridge-type-grab-ship-unloader\">4. Bridge-Type Grab Ship Unloader<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-quayside-container-crane\">5. Quayside Container Crane<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-rail-mounted-container-gantry-crane\">6. Rail-Mounted Container Gantry Crane<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7-rubber-tyred-container-gantry-crane\">7. Rubber-Tyred Container Gantry Crane<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#8-mobile-crane\">8. Mobile Crane<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#8-1-general-mobile-crane\">8.1 General Mobile Crane<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#8-2-mobile-harbor-crane\">8.2 Mobile Harbor Crane<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#summary\">Sammanfattning<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Port cranes are designed around the loading and unloading requirements of ports. They are characterized by high operating speeds, high cargo-handling efficiency, and frequent starting and braking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern port equipment includes many types of port cranes for cargo transfer and loading or unloading, including gantry cranes, portal cranes, fixed port cranes, bridge-type grab ship unloaders, quayside container cranes, rail-mounted container gantry cranes, rubber-tyred container gantry cranes, and mobile cranes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1275\" height=\"850\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/port-cranes.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16354\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-gantry-crane\">1. Gantry Crane<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A gantry crane is a bridge-type crane whose bridge is directly supported on ground rails by legs on both sides, lower crossbeams, and a travel system. It can be regarded as an overhead crane with legs: tall legs standing on ground rails support a bridge with outreach cantilevers, forming a metal structure with a gantry-like frame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gantry cranes have a simple structure, are convenient to manufacture, and offer high travel speed, high cargo-handling efficiency, a large operating range, good use of storage-yard space, broad adaptability, strong versatility, high safety, relatively low self-weight, and good economy. They have therefore become a main type of cargo-handling equipment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gantry cranes are widely used for outdoor loading, unloading, and handling in storage yards, ports, and shipyards. They are particularly useful for efficiently handling large batches of goods and heavy, long loads. According to application and purpose, gantry cranes are generally divided into general-purpose and special-purpose gantry cranes. Special-purpose types include loading bridges, shipyard gantry cranes, and hydropower-station gantry cranes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/upper-and-lower-trolley-type-shipyard-gantry-crane-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\u00f6vre och nedre vagnstyp varvsportalkran\" class=\"wp-image-10123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/upper-and-lower-trolley-type-shipyard-gantry-crane-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/upper-and-lower-trolley-type-shipyard-gantry-crane-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/upper-and-lower-trolley-type-shipyard-gantry-crane-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-portal-crane\">2. Portal Crane<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A portal crane, also called a harbour portal crane, is a handling machine used at port terminals for loading, unloading, and transferring cargo to and from ships and vehicles. By structural type, it is a jib-type crane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Portal cranes have a wide range of uses and many product types. According to purpose and working characteristics, they can be divided into general-purpose portal cranes, multipurpose portal cranes, grab-bucket portal cranes, and shipyard portal cranes. According to jib configuration, they mainly use either a four-link articulated jib or a single-jib structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>General-purpose portal cranes are commonly used at the front of port terminals or in cargo yards. They use hooks for piece goods and grabs for bulk cargo. Multipurpose portal cranes are mainly used at the front of port terminals for hook-handled piece goods, grab-handled bulk cargo, and container-spreader operations. Grab-bucket portal cranes are mainly used for grab handling of bulk cargo and are specialized bulk-cargo handling equipment for port terminals. Shipyard portal cranes are mainly used in shipbuilding and repair yards for assembling ship structures and lifting outfitting equipment. Compared with portal cranes for port loading and unloading, they operate at lower speeds, have a lower utilization class, and require the travel mechanism to operate while carrying a load.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/portal-crane.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12046\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-fixed-port-crane\">3. Fixed Port Crane<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A fixed port crane is a jib-type crane fixed to a foundation or supported on a base and designed to work from a fixed position in a port. It has lifting, luffing, and slewing functions but no bridge-travel mechanism, so it can operate only from a fixed location and has a limited working range.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Compared with a portal crane, a fixed port crane has a relatively simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and has a relatively low cost, although its operating efficiency is generally lower. Fixed port cranes commonly use hooks or grabs to handle piece goods and bulk cargo. A container spreader can also be added below the hook for container handling. They are mainly used at fixed locations that require frequent lifting and loading or unloading, such as ports, inland-waterway terminals, storage areas, cargo yards, cement plants, steel plants, power plants, and grain warehouses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to luffing characteristics, fixed port cranes can be divided into non-working luffing and working luffing types. According to jib form, they can be divided into single-jib and four-link articulated-jib types. According to the luffing drive, they can be divided into flexible-luffing and rigid-luffing types. If a fixed port crane is installed on a vessel, it is called a floating jib crane or a deck crane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Fixed-Port-Crane.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16356\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-bridge-type-grab-ship-unloader\">4. Bridge-Type Grab Ship Unloader<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A grab ship unloader is used to move large quantities of solid cargo from a ship\u2019s hold to a coal conveyor at the port. During unloading, a mechanical grab controlled by wire ropes digs up the cargo, which then passes through a hopper into the port conveyor system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A bridge-type grab ship unloader handles material through the opening, closing, and lifting of a conventional grab. The source describes it as technically mature and reliable, highly maneuverable, and requiring relatively little maintenance. It also states that it has advantages in adaptability to materials and ships, operating cost, and avoiding damage to the unloader caused by ship movement from waves. According to trolley drive, bridge-type grab ship unloaders can be divided into self-propelled-trolley and rope-hauled-trolley types. A semi-hauled-trolley unloader is an intermediate form between the two.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1308\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Grab-Ship-Unloader.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16349\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-quayside-container-crane\">5. Quayside Container Crane<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A quayside container crane is the main loading and unloading machine at the front of a container terminal. It is mainly used to unload containers from ships onto the quay or onto horizontal transport equipment, such as container trailers, or to load containers onto ships. Ship hatch covers also need to be lifted to the quay or to a hatch-cover platform on the crane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A lane for horizontal transport equipment is located below the quayside crane, so the lower structure must take the quay layout into account. During operation, the main girder is horizontal. When the crane is out of service or a ship is berthing or leaving, the front girder is generally raised to clear the ship\u2019s superstructure. According to trolley traction, quayside container cranes can be divided into self-propelled-trolley, fully rope-hauled-trolley, and guide-rod-hauled-trolley types.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1019\" height=\"679\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/quayside-container-crane.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12044\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-rail-mounted-container-gantry-crane\">6. Rail-Mounted Container Gantry Crane<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/rail-mounted-container-gantry-cranes\/\">skenmonterad containerportalkran<\/a> (RMG) is mainly used for container-yard operations. It was adopted relatively early in China\u2019s railway system, while its use in ports has mainly expanded over the past ten years. Early port applications were concentrated in small inland container terminals. In recent years, RMG cranes have attracted increasing attention internationally and domestically, with rapid technical development and broader adoption at many large and medium-sized coastal and inland ports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to whether it has an outreach cantilever, an RMG can be divided into three types. An outreach on one leg or on both legs creates a single-cantilever or double-cantilever model; a model without outreach has no cantilever. The choice among no-cantilever, single-cantilever, and double-cantilever structures depends on the site, the container storage and transport process, and the handling vehicles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/RMG-Container-Gantry-Crane-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12045\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/RMG-Container-Gantry-Crane-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/RMG-Container-Gantry-Crane-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/RMG-Container-Gantry-Crane-2048x1366.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-rubber-tyred-container-gantry-crane\">7. Rubber-Tyred Container Gantry Crane<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/rubber-tyred-container-gantry-cranes\/\">rubber-tyred container gantry crane<\/a> (RTG) is specialized equipment for stacking containers in a container yard. Its gantry, consisting of front and rear frames and a saddle beam, is supported on rubber tyres and can travel within the yard. A trolley equipped with a container spreader travels along rails on the gantry crossbeam to load and unload containers from container trucks and stack them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RTG cranes use mechanical and hydraulic systems and direction-guidance devices such as radio induction to maintain straight travel in the yard. They can also make 90\u00b0 right-angle turns for relocation between areas. Compared with rail-mounted container gantry cranes, RTG cranes offer flexible operation, good mobility, and freedom from fixed rails.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Rubber-Tyred-Gantry-Cranes.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9756\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-mobile-crane\">8. Mobile Crane<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Port mobile cranes are divided into general mobile cranes and mobile harbor cranes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-1-general-mobile-crane\">8.1 General Mobile Crane<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A general mobile crane is a mobile-jib slewing crane that travels on a dedicated rubber-tyred chassis. It consists of an upper and a lower carriage. The upper carriage is the lifting-work section and includes the jib, hoisting mechanism, luffing mechanism, slewing mechanism, counterweight, and turntable. The lower carriage supports and travels, and the upper and lower carriages are connected by a slewing bearing. The jib uses a truss structure. When lifting a load, the outriggers generally need to be lowered to enlarge the support base and level the machine body, thereby ensuring the crane\u2019s stability during travel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/mobile-cranes.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8735\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-2-mobile-harbor-crane\">8.2 Mobile Harbor Crane<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An mobile harbor crane is a multipurpose lifting machine widely used to handle containers, piece goods, and bulk cargo in ports. It can be relocated conveniently. It combines the free-travelling capability of a mobile crane with the functions of a general portal crane and can use grabs, container spreaders, and hooks for loading and unloading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The main structure of a mobile harbor crane is based on the chassis of a mobile crane. A high tower column is installed on the slewing bearing to support the lifting arm, compensating sheave assembly, operator cabin, and other equipment. To a certain extent, mobile harbor cranes can replace bulky, energy-intensive portal cranes and quayside container cranes, supporting the upgrading and energy conservation of port cranes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Mobile-Harbor-Crane.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16350\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"summary\">Sammanfattning<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Different types of port cranes have their own structural features, operating ranges, and applications. Portal cranes, fixed cranes, and mobile harbor cranes are widely used for handling bulk cargo and general cargo. Ship-to-shore container cranes, rail-mounted gantry cranes (RMG), and rubber-tired gantry cranes (RTG) are mainly used for container loading, unloading, transportation, and stacking. Grab ship unloaders are particularly suitable for efficiently unloading large quantities of bulk materials such as coal and ore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In practical applications, ports should select suitable lifting equipment based on cargo types, terminal layouts, operating frequency, and handling efficiency requirements. As modern ports move toward larger-scale operations, automation, and intelligent technologies, port cranes continue to improve in efficiency, safety, and energy performance, playing an important role in ensuring efficient and reliable port operations.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Port cranes are designed around the loading and unloading requirements of ports. They are characterized by high operating speeds, high cargo-handling efficiency, and frequent starting and braking. Modern port equipment includes many types of port cranes for cargo transfer and loading or unloading, including gantry cranes, portal cranes, fixed port cranes, bridge-type grab ship unloaders, [&hellip;]","protected":false},"featured_media":16354,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"single-SEO-Table.php","posts_category":[197],"posts_tag":[452],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16345"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16358,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16345\/revisions\/16358"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16354"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=16345"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=16345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}