{"id":16301,"date":"2026-10-12T07:16:52","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T07:16:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=16301"},"modified":"2026-10-12T07:20:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T07:20:45","slug":"crane-design-terminology","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/posts\/crane-design-terminology\/","title":{"rendered":"Vin\u00e7 Tasar\u0131m\u0131 Terminolojisi: Temel Terimlere Giri\u015f K\u0131lavuzu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><p>\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#key-crane-design-terminology-parameters-and-duty-classes\">Vin\u00e7 Tasar\u0131m\u0131nda Temel Terminoloji: Parametreler ve G\u00f6rev S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-rated-lifting-capacity-gn\">1. Nominal Kald\u0131rma Kapasitesi Gn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-span-s\">2. Span S<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-gauge-k\">3. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fc K<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-wheelbase-b\">4. Dingil Mesafesi B<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-lifting-height-h-lowering-depth-h-and-lifting-range-d\">5. Kald\u0131rma Y\u00fcksekli\u011fi H, \u0130ndirme Derinli\u011fi h ve Kald\u0131rma Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 D<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-mechanism-operating-speeds\">6. Mekanizma \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma H\u0131zlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7-wheel-load\">7. Tekerlek Y\u00fck\u00fc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#8-duty-class\">8. G\u00f6rev S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#common-terms-for-crane-metal-structures-and-components\">Vin\u00e7 Metal Yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve Bile\u015fenleri i\u00e7in Yayg\u0131n Kullan\u0131lan Terimler<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-crane-metal-structure\">1. Vin\u00e7 Metal Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-typical-metal-structure-types\">2. Tipik Metal Yap\u0131 T\u00fcrleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-common-structural-and-component-terms\">3. Yayg\u0131n Yap\u0131sal ve Bile\u015fen Terimleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#load-and-force-terms\">Y\u00fck ve Kuvvet Terimleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-regular-loads\">1. D\u00fczenli Y\u00fckler<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-accidental-loads\">2. Kazara Y\u00fckler<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-special-loads\">3. \u00d6zel Y\u00fckler<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#performance-indicator-terms\">Performans G\u00f6stergesi Terimleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#summary\">\u00d6zet<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Vin\u00e7 tasar\u0131m terminolojisi, m\u00fchendislik \u00e7izimlerini okuma, tasar\u0131m hesaplamalar\u0131 yapma ve teknik teklifleri iletme konusunda temel olu\u015fturur. Bu k\u0131lavuz, vin\u00e7 parametreleri, g\u00f6rev s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131, metal yap\u0131lar, y\u00fckler ve performans g\u00f6stergelerini kapsayan yayg\u0131n terimleri tan\u0131tmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Crane-Design-Terminology-featured-image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16332\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"key-crane-design-terminology-parameters-and-duty-classes\">Vin\u00e7 Tasar\u0131m\u0131nda Temel Terminoloji: Parametreler ve G\u00f6rev S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vin\u00e7 mekanizmas\u0131 parametreleri, kald\u0131rma makinelerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma performans\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlar ve tasar\u0131m ve ekipman se\u00e7imi i\u00e7in bir temel olu\u015fturur. Bir vin\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, kald\u0131rma kapasitesinin ve zaman\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-rated-lifting-capacity-gn\">1. Nominal Kald\u0131rma Kapasitesi Gn<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesi, bir vincin kald\u0131rabilece\u011fi y\u00fck\u00fcn veya malzemenin toplam a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r; bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa, s\u00f6k\u00fclebilir kald\u0131rma ata\u015fmanlar\u0131 (konteyner yay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 hari\u00e7) veya kep\u00e7e, elektromanyetik kald\u0131rma cihazlar\u0131 ve kald\u0131rma kiri\u015fleri gibi aksesuarlar da dahildir. Kule vin\u00e7ler, kamyon vin\u00e7ler ve portal vin\u00e7ler gibi de\u011fi\u015fken yar\u0131\u00e7apl\u0131 vin\u00e7ler i\u00e7in nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesi, minimum yar\u0131\u00e7apta g\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda izin verilen maksimum nominal kapasitedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcnl\u00fck kullan\u0131mda, &quot;kald\u0131rma kapasitesi&quot; genellikle nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seri \u00fcretim ve standardizasyonu desteklemek amac\u0131yla, nominal kapasiteye ili\u015fkin bir seri standard\u0131 olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur (Tablo 1-1). Kaynak, GB783-87&#39;yi belirtmekte ve birimi t olarak vermektedir. Yeni tasarlanan kald\u0131rma makineleri i\u00e7in, vin\u00e7 ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 kald\u0131rma mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesi, standart seri de\u011ferlerine uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zel performansa sahip ekipmanlar da standart seri de\u011ferlerine uygun olmal\u0131 veya m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yak\u0131n kalmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/table-1-1-rated-lifting-capacity-series-1.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 1. Kald\u0131rma makineleri i\u00e7in maksimum nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesi serisi, kaynak Tablo 1-1\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/table-1-2-standard-crane-span.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 2. Kald\u0131rma makineleri i\u00e7in maksimum nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesi serisi, kaynak Tablo 1-1\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-span-s\">2. Span S<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u00f6pr\u00fc vinci i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k, vincin k\u00f6pr\u00fc hareket raylar\u0131n\u0131n merkez hatlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki yatay mesafedir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yayg\u0131n olarak L kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da, S ile g\u00f6sterilir ve metre (m) cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Elektrikli k\u00f6pr\u00fc vinci a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in ulusal bir standart seri mevcuttur (kaynak Tablo 1-2). \u015eekil 1-1, vin\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc vincinin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bina a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sc&#39;ye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k serisinde art\u0131\u015f genellikle 3 m&#39;dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/figure-1-1-crane-span.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 3. Vin\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eekil 1-1, (a) vin\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve (b) iki rayl\u0131 bir vincin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-gauge-k\">3. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fc K<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tekerlek izi olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan ray geni\u015fli\u011fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi tan\u0131mlan\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Bir tramvay i\u00e7in bu, tramvay raylar\u0131n\u0131n merkez \u00e7izgileri aras\u0131ndaki mesafedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bomlu vin\u00e7ler i\u00e7in bu, ray merkez \u00e7izgileri aras\u0131ndaki veya y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f tekerleklerinin y\u00fczey merkez \u00e7izgileri aras\u0131ndaki mesafedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-wheelbase-b\">4. Dingil Mesafesi B<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dingil mesafesi, di\u011fer ad\u0131yla aks aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, vin\u00e7 veya araban\u0131n destek merkez hatlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki, boylamas\u0131na hareket y\u00f6n\u00fc boyunca olan mesafedir. Dingil mesafesi B&#39;nin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, destek tekerleklerinin d\u00fczenine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/figure-1-2-wheelbase.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 4. Dingil mesafesi\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-lifting-height-h-lowering-depth-h-and-lifting-range-d\">5. Kald\u0131rma Y\u00fcksekli\u011fi H, \u0130ndirme Derinli\u011fi h ve Kald\u0131rma Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 D<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynak, kald\u0131rma aparat\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek ve en al\u00e7ak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma pozisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak ilgili dikey mesafeleri tan\u0131mlar ve \u015funlar\u0131 verir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>D = H + h<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ndirme derinli\u011finin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, kald\u0131rma aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 D, kald\u0131rma y\u00fcksekli\u011fi H&#39;ye e\u015fittir. Kald\u0131rma y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ve indirme derinli\u011fi, referans noktas\u0131 olarak kanca haznesinin merkezi kullan\u0131larak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kep\u00e7e gibi di\u011fer kald\u0131rma aparatlar\u0131 i\u00e7in, kapal\u0131 konumdaki en al\u00e7ak nokta referans olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/lifting-height-and-lowering-depth.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 5. Kald\u0131rma y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ve indirme derinli\u011fi\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-mechanism-operating-speeds\">6. Mekanizma \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma H\u0131zlar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vin\u00e7 mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma h\u0131zlar\u0131, kullan\u0131lan mekanizmaya g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kald\u0131rma ve indirme h\u0131z\u0131 Vn:<\/strong> Sabit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumunda nominal y\u00fck\u00fcn dikey yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme h\u0131z\u0131, m\/dak cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vin\u00e7 veya k\u00f6pr\u00fc hareket h\u0131z\u0131 VR&#39;:<\/strong> Sabit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumunda, yatay bir y\u00fczey veya ray \u00fczerinde nominal y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yan vincin hareket h\u0131z\u0131, m\/dak cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Araban\u0131n hareket h\u0131z\u0131 Vt&#39;:<\/strong> Sabit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumunda, nominal y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yan bir araban\u0131n yatay bir ray \u00fczerinde kaydetti\u011fi h\u0131z, m\/dak cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/table-1-3-typical-crane-operating-speeds.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 6. Mekanizma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma h\u0131zlar\u0131yla ilgili kaynak grafi\u011fi.\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-wheel-load\">7. Tekerlek Y\u00fck\u00fc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tekerlek y\u00fck\u00fc, vin\u00e7 k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, vin\u00e7 arabas\u0131n\u0131n kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesinin, vin\u00e7 arabas\u0131 limit konumundayken vin\u00e7 tekerleklerine uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 maksimum dikey bas\u0131n\u00e7t\u0131r. Bu, hareket mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n ve raylar\u0131n tasar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir temel olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-duty-class\">8. G\u00f6rev S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vin\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, kullan\u0131m s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na (tasar\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca toplam \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131) ve y\u00fck durumuna g\u00f6re b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu, vincin i\u015finin ne kadar zorlu oldu\u011funu, zaman i\u00e7inde ne kadar yo\u011fun \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ne s\u0131kl\u0131kla tam y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynak, g\u00f6rev s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131 A1-A8 olarak ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma \u015fu \u015fekildedir: A1-A4 hafif hizmet, A5-A6 orta hizmet, A7 a\u011f\u0131r hizmet ve A8 \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r hizmet. Kaynak Tablo 1-4, vin\u00e7 g\u00f6rev s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na \u00f6rnekler vermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/table-1-4-typical-crane-working-classifications.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 7. Vin\u00e7 g\u00f6rev s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na \u00f6rnekler, kaynak Tablo 1-4\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"common-terms-for-crane-metal-structures-and-components\">Vin\u00e7 Metal Yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve Bile\u015fenleri i\u00e7in Yayg\u0131n Kullan\u0131lan Terimler<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-crane-metal-structure\">1. Vin\u00e7 Metal Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vin\u00e7 metal yap\u0131s\u0131 veya vin\u00e7 \u00e7elik yap\u0131s\u0131 olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu yap\u0131, bir vincin \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00fcklerini ta\u015f\u0131yabilecek kapasitede bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7elik levhalardan ve metal malzemelerden \u00fcretilmi\u015f profillerden olu\u015fur ve kaynak, per\u00e7inleme, c\u0131vatalama ve di\u011fer ba\u011flant\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleri kullan\u0131larak belirli bir yap\u0131sal d\u00fczende bir araya getirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vin\u00e7 metal yap\u0131lar\u0131, y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 elemanlar, y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131mayan elemanlar ve ba\u011flant\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden olu\u015fur. Ana kiri\u015fler, u\u00e7 kiri\u015fler ve ayaklar y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 elemanlard\u0131r ve mukavemet, rijitlik ve stabilite hesaplamalar\u0131 gerektirir. Y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yollar\u0131, korkuluklar ve merdivenler y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131mayan elemanlard\u0131r; kaynakta bunlar\u0131n mukavemet, rijitlik ve stabilite hesaplamalar\u0131 gerektirmedi\u011fi, ancak g\u00fcvenlik, kullan\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ergonominin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u011flant\u0131lar \u00e7o\u011funlukla kaynak ve c\u0131vatalama ile yap\u0131l\u0131rken, per\u00e7inleme art\u0131k nadiren kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-typical-metal-structure-types\">2. Tipik Metal Yap\u0131 T\u00fcrleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tipik tipler aras\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fc yap\u0131lar\u0131, portal vin\u00e7ler, kuleler ve bomlar bulunur. Vin\u00e7 metal yap\u0131lar\u0131, ana kiri\u015fler, u\u00e7 kiri\u015fler ve ayaklar gibi temel elemanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturan elemanlardan, levhalardan ve profillerden yap\u0131l\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 elemanlar, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, portal vin\u00e7ler, kuleler ve bomlar gibi temel vin\u00e7 yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-common-structural-and-component-terms\">3. Yayg\u0131n Yap\u0131sal ve Bile\u015fen Terimleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ana kiri\u015f:<\/strong> Tavan veya portal vin\u00e7lerin ana y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 eleman\u0131 olup, kald\u0131rma y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bacak:<\/strong> Portal vin\u00e7 veya kamyon vincinin genel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma dengesini korumaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan destek eleman\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jib:<\/strong> Vin\u00e7lerde y\u00fck kald\u0131rmak ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 ayarlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, sabit veya teleskopik bir kol.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kald\u0131rma mekanizmas\u0131:<\/strong> Y\u00fckleri dikey olarak yukar\u0131 ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 hareket ettiren, motor, di\u015fli kutusu, tambur, fren, kanca ve di\u011fer bile\u015fenlerden olu\u015fan mekanizma.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Seyahat mekanizmas\u0131:<\/strong> Vin\u00e7 veya arabay\u0131 hareket ettiren mekanizma; rayl\u0131 veya rays\u0131z olabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u00f6nd\u00fcrme mekanizmas\u0131:<\/strong> Vin\u00e7 kolun dikey bir eksen etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nmesini sa\u011flayan mekanizma; genellikle kamyon vin\u00e7lerinde, paletli vin\u00e7lerde ve kule vin\u00e7lerinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fren:<\/strong> Durdurma, h\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131rlama ve emniyet ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan bir frenleme cihaz\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Limit anahtar\u0131:<\/strong> Kald\u0131rma y\u00fcksekli\u011fini, hareket mesafesini veya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayarak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hareketi \u00f6nleyen bir g\u00fcvenlik cihaz\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131:<\/strong> Kald\u0131r\u0131lan y\u00fck nominal de\u011feri a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kald\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc otomatik olarak kesen bir g\u00fcvenlik cihaz\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"load-and-force-terms\">Y\u00fck ve Kuvvet Terimleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-regular-loads\">1. D\u00fczenli Y\u00fckler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Normal vin\u00e7 i\u015fletimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00fczenli y\u00fckler s\u0131kl\u0131kla olu\u015fur. Bunlar aras\u0131nda yer\u00e7ekimi y\u00fckleri, vincin hareket ettirilmesi veya frenlenmesiyle olu\u015fan atalet y\u00fckleri ve vincin \u00e7elik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi veya deformasyonundan kaynaklanan y\u00fckler bulunur. Bu y\u00fckler, mukavemet kayb\u0131, elastik karars\u0131zl\u0131k ve yorulma kayb\u0131 hesaplamalar\u0131 ve kontrolleri yap\u0131l\u0131rken dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fczenli y\u00fckler \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fck PG:<\/strong> Vin\u00e7in \u00e7elik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n, elektrikli ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve di\u011fer k\u00fctlelerinin yer\u00e7ekimi kuvveti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nominal kald\u0131rma y\u00fck\u00fc PQ:<\/strong> Nominal kald\u0131rma kapasitesinde, kald\u0131r\u0131lan toplam k\u00fctlenin yer\u00e7ekimi kuvveti. Kald\u0131rma kapasitesi y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funda, kald\u0131rma ekipman\u0131n\u0131n ve tel halat\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da hesaba kat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yatay hareket atalet y\u00fck\u00fc PH:<\/strong> Vin\u00e7 veya araban\u0131n kendi k\u00fctlesi ve kald\u0131r\u0131lan k\u00fctlenin, boylamas\u0131na veya enine hareket ederken ve yatay d\u00fczlemde ivmelenirken veya fren yaparken \u00fcretti\u011fi yatay atalet kuvveti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-accidental-loads\">2. Kazara Y\u00fckler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kazara olu\u015fan y\u00fckler, normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131k meydana gelmeyen ancak zaman zaman ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilen y\u00fcklerdir. Bunlar ba\u015fl\u0131ca a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ps eksenindeki e\u011fimden kaynaklanan yatay yanal y\u00fck:<\/strong> Vin\u00e7 veya araba, boyuna veya enine hareket s\u0131ras\u0131nda e\u011fildi\u011finde, tekerlek flan\u015f\u0131 veya yatay k\u0131lavuz tekerlek gibi bir k\u0131lavuz tertibat\u0131nda olu\u015fan y\u00f6nlendirme tepkisinden kaynaklanan y\u00fck.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>E\u011fim y\u00fck\u00fc Pp:<\/strong> Vin\u00e7 veya araba, ray \u00fczerinde yoku\u015f yukar\u0131 hareket ederken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan diren\u00e7. Kaynak metindeki &quot;ray \u00fczerinde&quot; ifadesi bir metin hatas\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor ve teknik inceleme gerektiriyor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hizmet halindeki r\u00fczgar y\u00fck\u00fc Pw:<\/strong> A\u00e7\u0131k alanda kullan\u0131lan bir vincin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda dayanabilece\u011fi maksimum r\u00fczgar kuvveti. Kaynak ayr\u0131ca buz, kar ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k y\u00fcklerinden de bahsediyor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-special-loads\">3. \u00d6zel Y\u00fckler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6zel y\u00fckler, vincin normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya hizmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu istisnai ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan y\u00fcklerdir. Bunlar ba\u015fl\u0131ca a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma y\u00fck\u00fc PC:<\/strong> Ayn\u0131 ray \u00fczerinde biti\u015fik iki vincin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 veya bir vincin ray\u0131n sonundaki tampon durdurucuya \u00e7arpmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan y\u00fck.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yatay devrilme y\u00fck\u00fc Psl:<\/strong> \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir istifleme vincinde, rijit bir kald\u0131rma k\u0131lavuz \u00e7er\u00e7evesinin i\u00e7inde veya rijit k\u0131lavuz \u00e7er\u00e7evesinin alt ucunda hareket eden bir nesne veya y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma cihaz\u0131 bir engelle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fabilir ve vincin veya araban\u0131n devrilmesine neden olabilecek yatay bir kuvvet olu\u015fturabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sismik y\u00fck PE:<\/strong> Depremden kaynaklanan ve kald\u0131rma tipi bir vinci etkileyen y\u00fck.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hizmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 r\u00fczgar y\u00fck\u00fc:<\/strong> Vin\u00e7 hizmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131yken dayanabilece\u011fi maksimum r\u00fczgar kuvveti, N cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/non-working-state-wind-load.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 11. Hizmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 r\u00fczgar y\u00fck\u00fcyle ilgili kaynak diyagram\u0131\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer y\u00fckler, proses y\u00fckleri gibi belirli durumlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. <strong>Yorgunluk y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong> Vin\u00e7 operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n tekrarlanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131n\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel, alternatif bir y\u00fckt\u00fcr ve ekipman\u0131n kullan\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc etkiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"performance-indicator-terms\">Performans G\u00f6stergesi Terimleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mukavemet, yorulma mukavemeti do\u011frulamas\u0131 dahil:<\/strong> Bir eleman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f kuvvetler alt\u0131nda hasar g\u00f6rmeden dayanabilme yetene\u011fi. Mukavemet; \u00e7ekme ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 mukavemeti, e\u011filme mukavemeti, kesme mukavemeti ve ta\u015f\u0131ma veya ezilme mukavemetini i\u00e7erir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sertlik:<\/strong> D\u0131\u015f kuvvetler alt\u0131nda eleman deformasyonunu s\u0131n\u0131rlama yetene\u011fi. Bu, dikey ve yatay y\u00f6nlerdeki statik rijitli\u011fin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kullan\u0131ma ba\u011fl\u0131 dinamik rijitli\u011fi de i\u00e7erir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130stikrar:<\/strong> D\u0131\u015f kuvvetler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda istikrar kayb\u0131na direnme yetene\u011fi. Bu, genel devrilme \u00f6nleme kapasitesini, k\u00fcresel \u00fcye istikrar\u0131n\u0131 ve yerel istikrar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>G\u00fcvenlik fakt\u00f6r\u00fc:<\/strong> Tasar\u0131mda ayr\u0131lan g\u00fcvenlik pay\u0131, burada yap\u0131sal y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesinin ger\u00e7ek y\u00fcke oran\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Ge\u00e7erli y\u00f6netmelik \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130zin verilen gerilim:<\/strong> \u0130lgili y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin yap\u0131 malzemesinin dayanabilece\u011fi maksimum gerilme de\u011feri.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/allowable-stress.png\" alt=\"\u015eekil 12. Performans g\u00f6stergeleriyle ilgili kaynak diyagram\u0131\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"summary\">\u00d6zet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu terimler vin\u00e7 tasar\u0131m\u0131nda temel ve s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lan terimlerdir. \u00c7izim haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, parametre hesaplamalar\u0131na, teknik teklif g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine ve yap\u0131sal tasar\u0131m ile kod uygulamas\u0131na ili\u015fkin daha detayl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara destek sa\u011flarlar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Vin\u00e7 tasar\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan temel terminolojiye y\u00f6nelik, yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in uygun bir k\u0131lavuz; kald\u0131rma kapasitesi, a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k, \u00e7ap, dingil mesafesi, g\u00f6rev s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131, metal yap\u0131lar, y\u00fckler, kuvvetler ve performans g\u00f6stergeleri gibi konular\u0131 i\u00e7erir.","protected":false},"featured_media":16332,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"single-SEO-Table.php","posts_category":[197],"posts_tag":[796],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16301"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16335,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16301\/revisions\/16335"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16332"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=16301"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=16301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}