{"id":16017,"date":"2026-09-09T06:46:06","date_gmt":"2026-09-09T06:46:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=16017"},"modified":"2026-09-09T09:40:34","modified_gmt":"2026-09-09T09:40:34","slug":"crane-drum-web-to-shaft-weld-crack-cause-analysis","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/posts\/crane-drum-web-to-shaft-weld-crack-cause-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Kran barabanining to&#39;ridan-valgacha payvandlash yorilishi sabablarini tahlil qilish"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><p>Mundarija<\/p><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#1-relationship-between-the-crane-drum-web-plate-hub-and-shaft\">1. Kran barabani, to&#39;rli plastinka, uya va val o&#39;rtasidagi bog&#39;liqlik<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-why-the-crack-appears-near-the-drum-shaft-side\">2. Nima uchun yoriq baraban milining yon tomonida paydo bo&#39;ladi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#2-1-stress-concentration-from-a-sudden-section-change\">2.1 To&#39;satdan bo&#39;lim o&#39;zgarishi natijasida stress konsentratsiyasi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-2-cyclic-stress-and-impact-loading\">2.2 Tsiklik stress va ta&#39;sir yuklanishi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-3-welding-residual-stress\">2.3 Payvandlash qoldiq kuchlanishi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-development-process-of-the-web-plate-crack\">3. Veb-plastinka yorig&#39;ini ishlab chiqish jarayoni<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-common-causes-of-crane-drum-web-to-shaft-weld-cracking\">4. Kran barabanining to&#39;ridan-valga payvandlash chokining yorilishining keng tarqalgan sabablari<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#4-1-structural-design-factors\">4.1 Strukturaviy dizayn omillari<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-2-welding-quality-factors\">4.2 Payvandlash sifati omillari<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-3-operating-loads-beyond-design-conditions\">4.3 Loyihalash shartlaridan tashqari ish yuklari<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-4-manufacturing-and-assembly-errors\">4.4 Ishlab chiqarish va yig&#39;ishdagi xatolar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-5-corrosion-and-environmental-factors\">4.5 Korroziya va atrof-muhit omillari<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-inspection-repair-and-prevention-measures\">5. Tekshirish, ta&#39;mirlash va oldini olish choralari<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ushbu kran barabanining payvandlash yoriqlarini tahlil qilish uzoq vaqt xizmat qilgan kranning baraban to&#39;ri plitasi va baraban vali orasidagi payvandlash joyida yoriqlar paydo bo&#39;lgan holatini o&#39;rganadi. Ko&#39;rinadigan shikastlanish mahalliy metall charchoq muammosi bo&#39;lib ko&#39;rinsa-da, asosiy sabablar strukturaviy dizayn, payvandlash jarayoni, material holati, stress o&#39;tkazuvchanligi, ishlab chiqarish va yig&#39;ish sifati va ish sharoitlarini o&#39;z ichiga olishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Cracking-of-the-weld-between-the-drum-web-and-the-drum-shaft.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16020\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Kran barabanining to&#39;ridan valga payvandlash yoriq qutisi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1477\" height=\"1065\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Schematic-diagram-of-the-cracking-location-in-the-weld-between-the-drum-web-and-the-drum-shaft.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16021\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Baraban to&#39;ri plastinkasi va baraban valining payvandlash joyidagi yoriq joyi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-relationship-between-the-crane-drum-web-plate-hub-and-shaft\">1. Kran barabani, to&#39;rli plastinka, uya va val o&#39;rtasidagi bog&#39;liqlik<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Yuk ko&#39;tarish uskunalarida baraban simli arqonni o&#39;rash va yukni ko&#39;tarish yoki tortish uchun ishlatiladigan asosiy uzatish komponentidir. Baraban qobig&#39;i simli arqonni ko&#39;taradi, to&#39;rli plitalar esa odatda qobiqni uyaga yoki valga ulash uchun qobiqning ikkala uchida joylashgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Umumiy konstruksiyada, markaz to&#39;rli plastinkaning markaziga payvandlanadi. Keyin markaz baraban valiga kalit orqali ulanadi va val podshipniklar bilan qo&#39;llab-quvvatlanadi. Bu holda, to&#39;rli plastinka to&#39;g&#39;ridan-to&#39;g&#39;ri baraban valiga payvandlanadi va baraban vali uzun valdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shuning uchun to&#39;rli plastinka nafaqat biriktiruvchi plastinka. U shuningdek, baraban qobig&#39;i va baraban vali o&#39;rtasida moment va radial kuchni uzatadi. Barabanning ishdan chiqishi haqidagi umumiy ma&#39;lumotlarda ko&#39;pincha charchoq yoriqlari almashtirish holati sifatida tilga olinadi; bu holatda to&#39;rli plastinka va val o&#39;rtasidagi payvandlash atrofida yorilish nima uchun boshlanishi mumkinligi aniqroq ko&#39;rib chiqiladi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-why-the-crack-appears-near-the-drum-shaft-side\">2. Nima uchun yoriq baraban milining yon tomonida paydo bo&#39;ladi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mexanik nuqtai nazardan, baraban to&#39;ri plastinkasi burish, egilish, tortish-siqilish va tekislik ichidagi siljish ta&#39;siriga uchragan yupqa plastinkadir. Baraban vali yaqinida bir vaqtning o&#39;zida bir nechta noqulay sharoitlar yuzaga kelishi mumkin: kesmaning to&#39;satdan o&#39;zgarishi, payvandlash ta&#39;siri va tsiklik yuklanish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-1-stress-concentration-from-a-sudden-section-change\">2.1 To&#39;satdan bo&#39;lim o&#39;zgarishi natijasida stress konsentratsiyasi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Baraban valiga yaqin joyda, struktura nisbatan qalin valdan yupqaroq to&#39;rli plastinkaga o&#39;tadi. Eksenel joylashish va payvandlash uchun val yelkasi ko&#39;pincha mos keladigan to&#39;rli plastinka holatida joylashtiriladi. Agar o&#39;tish radiusi juda kichik bo&#39;lsa yoki o&#39;tish silliq bo&#39;lmasa, kuchlanish kontsentratsiyasi paydo bo&#39;lishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pastki kesish va to&#39;liq bo&#39;lmagan kirish kabi payvandlash nuqsonlari ham yoriqlar paydo bo&#39;lish manbalariga aylanishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-2-cyclic-stress-and-impact-loading\">2.2 Tsiklik stress va ta&#39;sir yuklanishi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Baraban ishlayotganda, simli arqon o&#39;rash natijasida hosil bo&#39;lgan tortishish kuchi baraban qobig&#39;i orqali to&#39;r plastinkasiga, so&#39;ngra baraban valiga o&#39;tkaziladi. Har bir o&#39;rash va ko&#39;tarish harakati bu sohaga takroriy yuklashni qo&#39;llaydi, bu esa mahalliy zarba yuklanishi bilan birgalikda past siklli charchoq vazifasini bajarishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-3-welding-residual-stress\">2.3 Payvandlash qoldiq kuchlanishi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To&#39;r plastinka va baraban vali bir-biriga payvandlanganda, payvandlash joyida mahalliy yuqori harorat va sovutish qisqarishi kuzatiladi. Agar payvandlangan konstruksiya payvandlashdan keyin to&#39;liq tavlanmasa yoki kuchlanishdan xalos bo&#39;lmasa, qoldiq cho&#39;zilish kuchlanishi payvand atrofida qoladi. Bu qoldiq cho&#39;zilish kuchlanishi ish yuki bilan qoplanganda, yoriq paydo bo&#39;lishi ehtimoli ko&#39;proq bo&#39;ladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-development-process-of-the-web-plate-crack\">3. Veb-plastinka yorig&#39;ini ishlab chiqish jarayoni<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Yoriqning rivojlanishini uch bosqichda ko&#39;rish mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinchi bosqich - bu boshlash. Payvandlash ildizida yoki o&#39;tish radiusida mikroskopik nuqsonlar payvandlash qoldiq kuchlanishi va ish kuchlanishining birgalikdagi ta&#39;siri ostida yoriq manbalariga aylanishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ikkinchi bosqich - tarqalish. Har bir ko&#39;tarish operatsiyasi paytida yuk bir xil uzatish yo&#39;lidan boradi va cho&#39;qqi kuchlanishi takrorlanadi. Yoriq asta-sekin material donalari chegarasi bo&#39;ylab tarqaladi. Sinish yuzasi radial yoki qobiqsimon xususiyatlarni ko&#39;rsatishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uchinchi bosqich - sinish. Qolgan samarali qism yukni ko&#39;tarish uchun yetarli bo&#39;lmaganda, to&#39;satdan mo&#39;rt sinish yuz berishi mumkin, bu esa to&#39;r plastinkasining yirtilishi yoki baraban validan ajralishi bilan birga bo&#39;lishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-common-causes-of-crane-drum-web-to-shaft-weld-cracking\">4. Kran barabanining to&#39;ridan-valga payvandlash chokining yorilishining keng tarqalgan sabablari<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-1-structural-design-factors\">4.1 Strukturaviy dizayn omillari<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Agar to&#39;r plastinka va uya yoki baraban vali orasidagi o&#39;tish o&#39;rtacha radiusdan foydalanmasa, kuchlanish keskin o&#39;zgarishi mumkin. Agar to&#39;r plastinka qalinligi yetarli bo&#39;lmasa, charchoq kuchi chegarasi ham yetarli bo&#39;lmasligi mumkin. Noto&#39;g&#39;ri tanlangan payvandlash joyi xavfni yanada oshirishi mumkin, ayniqsa payvandlash past kuchlanishli hududda emas, balki yuqori kuchlanishli hududda joylashgan bo&#39;lsa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-2-welding-quality-factors\">4.2 Payvandlash sifati omillari<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Keng tarqalgan payvandlash nuqsonlari to&#39;liq penetratsiya, shlak qo&#39;shilishi, g&#39;ovaklik, pastki kesma va payvandlash chandiqlarini o&#39;z ichiga oladi. Agar payvandlashdan keyin ultratovushli sinov yoki rentgenologik sinov kabi buzmaydigan sinovlar o&#39;tkazilmasa, yashirin nuqsonlar uzoq vaqt davomida strukturada qolishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Optimallashtirilmagan payvandlash parametrlari va payvandlashdan keyingi kuchlanishni yengillashtirishning yetarli emasligi ham xavfni oshirishi mumkin. Katta barabanli konstruksiyalar uchun kuchlanishni yengillashtirish uchun issiqlik bilan ishlov berish qiyin bo&#39;lishi mumkin. Vibratsiyali kuchlanishni yengillashtirishni to&#39;liq qo&#39;llash ham qiyin bo&#39;lishi mumkin va loyiha jadvali talablari tabiiy qarish yoki boshqa qarish bilan ishlov berishga ta&#39;sir qilishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-3-operating-loads-beyond-design-conditions\">4.3 Loyihalash shartlaridan tashqari ish yuklari<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nominal yukdan uzoq muddatli ortiqcha yuklanish konstruksiyaning charchoq xavfini oshirishi mumkin. Ko&#39;tarish paytida tez-tez ishga tushirish va tormozlash katta zarba yuklarini keltirib chiqarishi mumkin. Agar sim arqon barabanga noto&#39;g&#39;ri joylashtirilgan bo&#39;lsa, barabandagi kuch taqsimoti notekis bo&#39;lib qoladi va mahalliy kuchlanish loyiha qiymatidan ancha yuqori bo&#39;lishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-4-manufacturing-and-assembly-errors\">4.4 Ishlab chiqarish va yig&#39;ishdagi xatolar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Agar to&#39;r plastinkasining ichki teshigi va val orasidagi moslik juda qattiq yoki juda bo&#39;sh bo&#39;lsa, dastlabki mahalliy kuchlanish notekis bo&#39;lishi mumkin. To&#39;liq chiqarilmagan yig&#39;ish kuchlanishi keyinchalik ish kuchlanishi bilan birlashishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-5-corrosion-and-environmental-factors\">4.5 Korroziya va atrof-muhit omillari<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Baraban uzoq vaqt nam yoki korroziy muhitda bo&#39;lganda, payvandlash joyi korroziyaga ko&#39;proq moyil bo&#39;ladi. Korroziyaga uchragan joylar ham mikro yoriqlar paydo bo&#39;lishi uchun keng tarqalgan joylardir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-inspection-repair-and-prevention-measures\">5. Tekshirish, ta&#39;mirlash va oldini olish choralari<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mavjud uskunalar uchun magnit zarrachalar sinovi yoki ultratovush sinovlari muntazam ravishda to&#39;r plastinka va baraban vali orasidagi payvandlash atrofida o&#39;tkazilishi mumkin. Agar yoriqlar topilsa, to&#39;r plastinka payvandlash orqali ta&#39;mirlanishi yoki o&#39;z vaqtida almashtirilishi kerak va eksantrik yuklanishning oldini olish uchun sim arqonning joylashuvi tekshirilishi kerak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yangi kran barabanlarini loyihalash yoki ishlab chiqarish uchun o&#39;tish radiusi optimallashtirilishi va payvandlash holati iloji boricha maksimal kuchlanish maydonidan qochish uchun tartibga solinishi kerak. Payvandlash jarayoni qat&#39;iy nazorat qilinishi kerak. Qoldiq kuchlanishni kamaytirish uchun ko&#39;p o&#39;tishli payvandlash va simmetrik payvandlashdan foydalanish mumkin va haqiqiy sharoitlarga muvofiq tebranish qarishi yoki tabiiy qarish qo&#39;llanilishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Operatsiyani boshqarish uchun uzoq muddatli ortiqcha yuklanish va tez-tez ishga tushirish va tormozlashdan qochish kerak. Simli arqonlarning joylashuvi tegishli talablarga javob berishi va eskirgan simli arqonlarni muntazam ravishda almashtirish kerak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kran barabanining payvandlashdagi yorilishi odatda bitta omil tufayli yuzaga kelmaydi. Tuzilma, payvandlash, yuk, yig&#39;ish va atrof-muhitni bosqichma-bosqich ko&#39;rib chiqish yoriq manbasini aniqlashga va haqiqiy joy sharoitlariga mos keladigan tuzatish choralarini tanlashga yordam beradi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ushbu kran barabanining payvandlash yoriqlarini tahlil qilish uzoq vaqt xizmat qilgan kranning baraban to&#39;ri plitasi va baraban vali orasidagi payvandlash joyida yoriqlar paydo bo&#39;lgan holatni o&#39;rganadi. Ko&#39;rinadigan shikastlanish mahalliy metall charchoq muammosi bo&#39;lib ko&#39;rinsa-da, asosiy sabablar strukturaviy dizayn, payvandlash jarayoni, material holati, stress o&#39;tkazuvchanligi, ishlab chiqarish va yig&#39;ish [\u2026] ni o&#39;z ichiga olishi mumkin.","protected":false},"featured_media":16020,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"single-SEO-Table.php","posts_category":[197],"posts_tag":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16017"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16017\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16033,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16017\/revisions\/16033"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16017"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=16017"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=16017"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}