{"id":16129,"date":"2026-09-15T02:07:22","date_gmt":"2026-09-15T02:07:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=16129"},"modified":"2026-09-15T02:07:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-15T02:07:24","slug":"overhead-crane-brake-types-safety-requirements-and-maintenance","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/posts\/overhead-crane-brake-types-safety-requirements-and-maintenance\/","title":{"rendered":"Yuqori kran tormozlari: turlari, xavfsizlik talablari va texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatish"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><p>Mundarija<\/p><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#overhead-crane-brake-types\">Yuqori kran tormoz turlari<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#safety-requirements-for-overhead-crane-brakes\">Yuqori kran tormozlari uchun xavfsizlik talablari<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#overhead-crane-brake-maintenance-and-adjustment\">Yuqori kran tormozlariga texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatish va sozlash<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#braking-travel\">Tormozlash sayohati<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#adjustment-of-the-electro-hydraulic-thruster-drum-brake\">Elektro-gidravlik itaruvchi baraban tormozini sozlash<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#brake-maintenance\">Tormozlarga texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatish<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Yuqori kran tormozlariga texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatish talablari xavfsiz ko&#39;tarish va harakatlanish operatsiyalari uchun juda muhimdir. Ko&#39;pgina kran mexanizmlari odatda yopiq tormozlardan foydalanadi. Har bir ko&#39;tarish mexanizmida kamida bitta tormoz bo&#39;lishi kerak va loyiha yoki foydalanuvchi talab qilganda ikkita tormoz o&#39;rnatilishi mumkin. Har bir harakatlanish mexanizmi odatda bitta tormoz bilan jihozlangan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tormoz xavfsizlikning asosiy komponentidir. Uning tormozlash momenti chizma talablariga muvofiq sozlanishi kerak. Harakatlanuvchi mexanizmlar uchun kranni xavfsiz va barqaror saqlash uchun moment haqiqiy ish sharoitlariga muvofiq sozlanishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1412\" height=\"1114\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/crane-brake-maintenance-wire-rope-drum-motor-gearbox.png\" alt=\"Simli arqon barabani, motor va vites qutisi yoniga o&#039;rnatilgan kran tormozi\" class=\"wp-image-16131\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"overhead-crane-brake-types\">Yuqori kran tormoz turlari<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tormoz kranning ajralmas qismidir. Ko&#39;tarish operatsiyalari paytida u yukni havoda belgilangan holatda ushlab turishi, harakatlanuvchi mexanizmni sekinlashtirishi va nihoyat harakatni to&#39;xtatishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ishlash holatiga ko&#39;ra, tormozlar normal yopiq tormozlar va normal ochiq tormozlarga bo&#39;linishi mumkin. Kranlar odatda normal yopiq tormozlardan foydalanadilar. Mexanizm ishlamayotganda normal yopiq tormoz ishga tushirilgan holda qoladi. Mexanizm ishlashi kerak bo&#39;lganda, tormozni bo&#39;shatish moslamasi ishqalanish juftligini ajratib turadi, shunda mexanizm harakatlana oladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Umumiy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/overhead-crane-brakes\/\">yuqori kran tormozlari<\/a> YWZ, YWZE, YWZB, YWL va YWH AC elektro-gidravlik blok tormozlarini o&#39;z ichiga oladi. YWL va YWH seriyalari tepaga o&#39;rnatilgan itaruvchi mexanizmlarga va ixcham tuzilishga ega, shuning uchun ular ko&#39;pincha harakat mexanizmlarida qo&#39;llaniladi. Boshqa keng tarqalgan turlariga MW, JZ, TJ va TZ AC elektromagnit blok tormozlari, MWZ va ZWZ DC elektromagnit blok tormozlari va YPZ va YP AC elektro-gidravlik disk tormozlari kiradi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"551\" height=\"759\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/crane-brake-product-example.png\" alt=\"Kran tormoz mahsuloti namunasi\" class=\"wp-image-16132\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Qo&#39;llanilishga qarab, tormoz qo&#39;lda bo&#39;shatish, avtomatik a\u015f\u0131nma kompensatsiyasi, a\u015f\u0131nma chegarasi harakatlanish tugmalari va tormozni ochish yoki yopish chegarasi tugmalarini ham o&#39;z ichiga olishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2170\" height=\"725\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/common-crane-brake-types-outline-drawings.png\" alt=\"Umumiy kran tormoz turlarining kontur chizmalari\" class=\"wp-image-16133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/common-crane-brake-types-outline-drawings.png 2170w, https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/common-crane-brake-types-outline-drawings-1536x513.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/common-crane-brake-types-outline-drawings-2048x684.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2170px) 100vw, 2170px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2-15-rasmda YWZ AC elektro-gidravlik blok tormozining konturi ko&#39;rsatilgan. 2-16-rasmda JZ AC elektromagnit blok tormozi ko&#39;rsatilgan. 2-17-rasmda ZWZ DC elektromagnit blok tormozi ko&#39;rsatilgan. 2-18-rasmda YPZ AC elektro-gidravlik disk tormozi ko&#39;rsatilgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuzilishi bo&#39;yicha kran tormozlarini blok tormozlarga, tasmasimon tormozlarga, disk tormozlariga va boshqa turlarga bo&#39;lish mumkin. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"882\" height=\"581\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hydraulic-thruster-shoe-brake-example.png\" alt=\"Shlangi itaruvchi tormoz namunasi\" class=\"wp-image-16134\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Blok tormozlari oddiy konstruksiyaga ega va ularni ishlab chiqarish, o&#39;rnatish va sozlash nisbatan oson. Shuning uchun ular kranlarda eng ko&#39;p ishlatiladigan tormoz turi hisoblanadi. Blok tormozlarini quyidagi turlarga bo&#39;lish mumkin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Qisqa zarbali blok tormoz: Qisqa zarbali blok tormozlar oddiy tuzilishga, yengil vaznga va tez tormozlanishga ega. Ularning kamchiliklari yuqori zarba, yuqori shovqin, qisqa xizmat muddati, past tormozlash momenti va qoldiq magnitlanishdir. Ular ko&#39;tarish mexanizmlari uchun mos emas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uzoq zarbali blok tormoz: Uzoq zarbali blok tormozlar kattaroq zarba, tez tormozlash, kamroq qoldiq magnitlanish va yaxshiroq xavfsizlikka ega. Ularning kamchiliklari nisbatan yuqori zarba va shovqin, qisqa xizmat muddati, murakkabroq komponentlar, kattaroq o&#39;lcham va vazn hamda past samaradorlikka ega.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elektro-gidravlik blok tormozi: Elektro-gidravlik blok tormozi odatda tormoz ramkasi, gidravlik elektromagnit va kremniy rektifikatoridan iborat bo&#39;lib, u silliq ishga tushirish va tormozlash, past shovqin, tez-tez almashtirish qobiliyati, uzoq xizmat muddati, avtomatik a\u015f\u0131nma kompensatsiyasi, ixcham tuzilish va qulay sozlash va texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatishni ta&#39;minlaydi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elektro-gidravlik itaruvchi barabanli tormoz: Elektro-gidravlik itaruvchi barabanli tormoz past shovqin bilan silliq ishga tushirish va tormozlashni ta&#39;minlaydi. U tez-tez ishlatish uchun mos keladi va uzoq xizmat muddati, doimiy tortishish kuchi, ixcham konstruksiya va qulay sozlash va texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatishni taklif etadi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"safety-requirements-for-overhead-crane-brakes\">Yuqori kran tormozlari uchun xavfsizlik talablari<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Mexanik kranlar ko&#39;tarish, ko&#39;tarish, ag&#39;darish va harakatlanish mexanizmlarida tormozlar bilan jihozlangan bo&#39;lishi kerak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yuk ko&#39;tarish va ko&#39;tarish mexanizmlarining tormozlari odatda yopiq tormozlar bo&#39;lishi kerak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Issiq metallni, tez yonadigan xavfli yuklarni yoki ishdan chiqishi katta xavf yoki yo&#39;qotishlarga olib kelishi mumkin bo&#39;lgan yuklarni ko&#39;tarish uchun ishlatiladigan mexanizmlar uchun ko&#39;tarish mexanizmining har bir qo&#39;zg&#39;atuvchi bloki ikkita tormoz bilan jihozlangan bo&#39;lishi kerak. Har bir tormoz nominal ko&#39;tarish quvvatini mustaqil ravishda ushlab tura olishi kerak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alohida boshqariladigan harakat mexanizmlari uchun har bir tormozning tormozlash momenti bir xil darajaga sozlanishi kerak. Bu ko&#39;prikning qiyshayishi va kran g&#39;ildiragi relsining kemirilishining oldini olishga yordam beradi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Har bir mexanizmga o&#39;rnatilgan tormozlarning xavfsizlik koeffitsienti tegishli talablarga javob berishi kerak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nominal moment ostida, blok tormoz qoplamasi va tormoz barabanining ishchi yuzasi orasidagi aloqa maydoni quyidagi talablarga javob berishi kerak:\n<ul>\n<li>Kal\u0131planm\u0131\u015f tormoz astarlari uchun har bir astar loyihalangan aloqa maydonining kamida 50% bilan aloqa qilishi kerak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Oddiy asbest tormoz qoplamalari uchun har bir qoplama loyihalangan aloqa maydonining kamida 70% bilan aloqa qilishi kerak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tormoz to&#39;g&#39;ri sozlangan, egiluvchan ravishda ochilgan va yopilgan, shuningdek, silliq va ishonchli tormozlangan bo&#39;lishi kerak. Uni kran yukini sinovdan o&#39;tkazish paytida tekshirish kerak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tormoz barabanining ishqalanish yuzasi bir tekis tegib turishi kerak. U tormozlash ishiga ta&#39;sir qilishi mumkin bo&#39;lgan nuqsonlar yoki moy ifloslanishidan xoli bo&#39;lishi kerak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tormoz barabanining harorati odatda atrof-muhit haroratidan 120\u00b0C dan yuqori bo&#39;lmasligi kerak. Tekshirish paytida, tormoz astarining kuyganligini yoki yonish hidi borligini tekshirish orqali qizib ketishni aniqlash mumkin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tormoz barabani to&#39;g&#39;ri o&#39;rnatilgan bo&#39;lishi kerak. Kalitlar va ulash qismlari bo&#39;shashmasligi kerak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"overhead-crane-brake-maintenance-and-adjustment\">Yuqori kran tormozlariga texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatish va sozlash<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"braking-travel\">Tormozlash sayohati<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tormozlash harakati kranning ishlashi va xavfsizligi uchun muhimdir. Agar harakatlanuvchi sirpanish masofasi juda qisqa bo&#39;lsa, tormozlash juda to&#39;satdan bo&#39;lishi mumkin, bu esa zarba, yukning tebranishi, ko&#39;prikning deformatsiyasi va komponentlarning shikastlanishiga olib kelishi mumkin. Agar sirpanish masofasi juda uzun bo&#39;lsa, yukning joylashuvi noto&#39;g&#39;ri bo&#39;ladi va baxtsiz hodisalar yuz berishi mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ko&#39;tarish mexanizmi uchun ilgakning sirpanish masofasi yanada muhimroq. Yuklangan ilgak to&#39;satdan to&#39;xtab qolganda, inersiya kuchi asosiy to&#39;sin tebranishini keltirib chiqarishi va simli arqonga qisqa, o&#39;tkir zarba yukini yaratishi mumkin. Og&#39;ir holatlarda bu simli arqonning sinishiga olib kelishi mumkin. Agar ilgakning sirpanish masofasi juda uzun bo&#39;lsa, kran normal ishlay olmaydi va avariya xavfi ortadi. Tormozlash momentini to&#39;g&#39;ri sozlash ilgakning sirpanish masofasiga mos keladigan masofaga erishishga yordam beradi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"adjustment-of-the-electro-hydraulic-thruster-drum-brake\">Elektro-gidravlik itaruvchi baraban tormozini sozlash<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Shlangi itaruvchi tormoz uchun avval itarish sterjenining ish yurishi sozlanishi kerak. Tormoz sterjenining minimal bo&#39;shatish oralig&#39;ini ta&#39;minlash bilan birga, gidravlik itarish sterjenining yurishi iloji boricha kichik bo&#39;lishi kerak. Qulf gaykani bo&#39;shating, diagonal sterjen 6 ni aylantiring, itarish sterjenining 17 yurishi texnik talablarga javob berishiga ishonch hosil qiling va keyin gaykani yana torting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1338\" height=\"1176\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hydraulic-thruster-shoe-brake-structure-component-labels.png\" alt=\"Shlangi itaruvchi tormoz tizimi va komponent yorliqlari\" class=\"wp-image-16135\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Asosiy prujina uzunligini sozlash uchun qulflash gaykani bo&#39;shating, tortish sterjenining 10 kvadrat boshini kalit bilan ushlab turing va gaykani aylantiring. Asosiy prujina 8 ni siqish yoki cho&#39;zish tormozlash momentini o&#39;zgartiradi. Sozlagandan so&#39;ng qulflash gaykani torting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tormoz qolipchasi va tormoz barabani orasidagi bo&#39;shliqni sozlash uchun avval itarish tayoqchasini eng yuqori holatga ko&#39;taring. Avtomatik kompensatorning qulflash gaykani bo&#39;shating, so&#39;ngra sozlash vintini tormoz qolipchasi va tormoz barabani orasidagi bo&#39;shliq talabga javob berguncha aylantiring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"brake-maintenance\">Tormozlarga texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatish<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tormozlarga texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatish barcha mente\u015fe nuqtalarini muntazam ravishda moylashni o&#39;z ichiga olishi kerak. Oddiy sharoitlarda ularni haftada bir marta moylang. Yuqori haroratli muhitda ularni har uch kunda moylang. Moylash moyining ishqalanish astarlari yoki tormoz barabaniga tegishiga yo&#39;l qo&#39;ymang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tormoz tasmasi va tormoz barabani orasidagi axloqsizlik o&#39;z vaqtida olib tashlanishi kerak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shlangi elektromagnit tormozni bo&#39;shatish dvigatelidagi moy har olti oyda almashtirilishi kerak. Agar moyda mexanik aralashmalar topilsa, bo&#39;shatish moslamasini qismlarga ajratib oling va barcha qismlarni benzin bilan tozalang. Bobinni benzin bilan yuvmang. Qayta yig&#39;ishdan oldin, muhrning shikastlanishiga yo&#39;l qo&#39;ymaslik uchun muhrlash halqasini bo&#39;shatish moslamasi uchun ishlatiladigan yangi moyga botirib oling.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tormoz turlari, xavfsizlik talablari, sozlash bosqichlari va ko&#39;tarish uskunalarini tekshirish nuqtalarini qamrab oluvchi kran tormozlariga texnik xizmat ko&#39;rsatish qo&#39;llanmasi.","protected":false},"featured_media":16149,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"single-SEO-Table.php","posts_category":[197],"posts_tag":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16129"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16129\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16150,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16129\/revisions\/16150"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16129"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=16129"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=16129"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}