{"id":16017,"date":"2026-09-09T06:46:06","date_gmt":"2026-09-09T06:46:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=16017"},"modified":"2026-09-09T09:40:34","modified_gmt":"2026-09-09T09:40:34","slug":"crane-drum-web-to-shaft-weld-crack-cause-analysis","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/posts\/crane-drum-web-to-shaft-weld-crack-cause-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><p>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#1-relationship-between-the-crane-drum-web-plate-hub-and-shaft\">1. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u, t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i, moay\u01a1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-why-the-crack-appears-near-the-drum-shaft-side\">2. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n ph\u00eda tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#2-1-stress-concentration-from-a-sudden-section-change\">2.1 S\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t do thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-2-cyclic-stress-and-impact-loading\">2.2 \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng va \u0111\u1eadp<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-3-welding-residual-stress\">2.3 \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 sau h\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-development-process-of-the-web-plate-crack\">3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m web<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-common-causes-of-crane-drum-web-to-shaft-weld-cracking\">4. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p g\u00e2y n\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#4-1-structural-design-factors\">4.1 C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-2-welding-quality-factors\">4.2 C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-3-operating-loads-beyond-design-conditions\">4.3 T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-4-manufacturing-and-assembly-errors\">4.4 L\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-5-corrosion-and-environmental-factors\">4.5 \u0102n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-inspection-repair-and-prevention-measures\">5. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u n\u00e0y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u n\u0103m b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch tang tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ecfi kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Cracking-of-the-weld-between-the-drum-web-and-the-drum-shaft.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16020\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1477\" height=\"1065\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Schematic-diagram-of-the-cracking-location-in-the-weld-between-the-drum-web-and-the-drum-shaft.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16021\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-relationship-between-the-crane-drum-web-plate-hub-and-shaft\">1. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u, t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i, moay\u01a1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1, tang tr\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1n d\u00e2y c\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o t\u1ea3i. V\u1ecf tang tr\u1ed1ng mang d\u00e2y c\u00e1p, trong khi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1ecf v\u1edbi moay\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, moay\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n v\u00e0o t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i. Moay\u01a1 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t then, v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u1ed5 bi. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m li\u00ean k\u1ebft. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m gi\u1eefa v\u1ecf tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c chung c\u1ee7a tr\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t do m\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n thay th\u1ebf; tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y xem x\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xung quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-why-the-crack-appears-near-the-drum-shaft-side\">2. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n ph\u00eda tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n b\u1ee5ng tr\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng ch\u1ecbu xo\u1eafn, u\u1ed1n, k\u00e9o-n\u00e9n v\u00e0 c\u1eaft trong m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng. G\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi: thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng chu k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-1-stress-concentration-from-a-sudden-section-change\">2.1 S\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t do thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb tr\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u00e0y sang t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u00e0n theo tr\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t vai tr\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu b\u00e1n k\u00ednh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01a1n tru, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt trong m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n nh\u01b0 v\u1ebft l\u00f5m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-2-cyclic-stress-and-impact-loading\">2.2 \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng va \u0111\u1eadp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi tang tr\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng sinh ra do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea5n d\u00e2y c\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua v\u1ecf tang tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee1, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n qu\u1ea5n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i l\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ecfi chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng va \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-3-welding-residual-stress\">2.3 \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 sau h\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi t\u1ea5m \u0111ai v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n v\u1edbi nhau, v\u00f9ng h\u00e0n s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 co ng\u00f3t do l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t sau khi h\u00e0n, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o d\u01b0 s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n xung quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n. Khi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o d\u01b0 n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t s\u1ebd cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-development-process-of-the-web-plate-crack\">3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m web<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t qua ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t. T\u1ea1i ch\u00e2n m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt vi m\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y n\u1ee9t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 do h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n. Trong m\u1ed7i thao t\u00e1c n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng truy\u1ec1n theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. V\u1ebft n\u1ee9t d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n lan truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecdc theo ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u00e3y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m xuy\u00ean t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1ng v\u1ecf s\u00f2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 g\u00e3y v\u1ee1. Khi ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00e3y v\u1ee1 gi\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e8m theo r\u00e1ch t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-common-causes-of-crane-drum-web-to-shaft-weld-cracking\">4. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p g\u00e2y n\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-1-structural-design-factors\">4.1 C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c moay\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecfi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam r\u1ee7i ro, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cao thay v\u00ec v\u00f9ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-2-welding-quality-factors\">4.2 C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt h\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t x\u1ec9, r\u1ed7 kh\u00ed, v\u1ebft l\u00f5m v\u00e0 s\u1eb9o h\u00e0n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m tra si\u00eau \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee5p X-quang sau khi h\u00e0n, c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t sau h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00f9ng l\u1edbn, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e3o h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e3o h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-3-operating-loads-beyond-design-conditions\">4.3 T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ecfi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 phanh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng va \u0111\u1eadp l\u1edbn. N\u1ebfu d\u00e2y c\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch tr\u00ean tang cu\u1ed1n, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean tang cu\u1ed1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-4-manufacturing-and-assembly-errors\">4.4 L\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu khe h\u1edf gi\u1eefa l\u1ed7 b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 ch\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 l\u1ecfng, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u. \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-5-corrosion-and-environmental-factors\">4.5 \u0102n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi tr\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0n s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ee9t vi m\u00f4. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-inspection-repair-and-prevention-measures\">5. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 xung quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed d\u00e2y c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u m\u1edbi, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00f9ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. Quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e3o h\u00f3a rung ho\u1eb7c l\u00e3o h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u00f9y theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, phanh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed d\u00e2y c\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y c\u00e1p b\u1ecb m\u00f2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 do m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y ra. Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n tang tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u n\u00e0y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u n\u0103m b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch tang tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c tang tr\u1ed1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ecfi kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p [\u2026]","protected":false},"featured_media":16020,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"single-SEO-Table.php","posts_category":[197],"posts_tag":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16017"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16017\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16033,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/16017\/revisions\/16033"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16017"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=16017"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hndfcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=16017"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}